Gastroesophageal reflux disease also known as “GERD” is one of the most common digestive health disorders in the United States. GERD is defined as an excessive reflux of gastric acids into the esophagus. At the same time, periodontitis/periodontal disease is one of the most common chronic inflammatory oral diseases found worldwide. What many patients are unaware of is the connection these two common conditions can have to one another.
While the effects of GERD and erosion of tooth enamel are well known, there is more research needed between GERD and its potential effects on gum health. A common sign of GERD is tooth structure with significant erosion evident. When the acids from the stomach flow back into the oral cavity, this increases the acid levels in the mouth.
Increased acid levels can lead to significant breakdown of the outer layer of tooth enamel and cause significant damage. One research study found that acids that can cause damage to tooth structures and can also have a potential negative effect on gum tissues. This same study concluded that GERD can be a risk factor for the development of chronic periodontal disease. Due to the effects on salivary flow, research has also suggested that the lack of saliva and change in acidity can also lead to gum health damage.
It’s important for dental health providers and patients alike to be aware of the associations of GERD and a person’s oral health. Patients that are asymptomatic may be unaware of GERD symptoms, and warning signs are commonly found through routine dental visits due to erosion present and gum health decline. It’s extremely important to be aware of how managing reflux symptoms is crucial for oral health longevity. Discussing your complete health history with your dental provider can help ensure a comprehensive approach in your dental health care.